Koç University Tissue Typing Laboratory licensed by the Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Health is located within the Koç University Transplant Immunology Research Center of Excellence TIREX, which has been awarded a funding of 2.5 million Euros by the European Commission (https://kutirex.ku.edu.tr/). Our laboratory performs histocompatibility and immune reaction tests for organ and stem cell/bone marrow transplant patients before and after transplantation using advanced techniques. Moreover, TIREX with its research infrastructure and internationally recognized organ transplant surgeons and scientists conducts scientific studies in the country and region to improve the quality of life of transplant recipients.

The services provided in our laboratory cover the fields of Immunogenetics, Medical Biology and Immunology, and are closely related to the fields of Urology, Surgery, Nephrology, Hematology, Oncology, Rheumatology, Pathology, Dermatology, Ophthalmology and Internal Medicine.

Tissue Typing Laboratory offers the necessary immunogenetics tests for organ and bone marrow transplantations in cases of organ failure and hematological disorders such as aplastic anemia, leukemia and lymphoma. The test results we provide are also used to diagnose and develop treatment protocols in tissue type (HLA)-associated diseases such as Behçet, ankylosing spondylitis, celiac, narcolepsy and psoriasis. Furthermore, tests performed in our department are used to determine the risk of developing a sensitivity reaction to drugs such as Ustekinumab, which is used in the treatment of psoriasis and Crohn's diseases, and Abacavir, which is used in the treatment of HIV-1.



1) Tissue Typing
Tissue typing tests for determination of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I (A, B, C) and Class II (DRB1/3/4/5, DQA1, DQB1, DPA1, DPB1) alleles are performed in low resolution with the PCR-SSO (Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence-Specific Oligonucleotide) and in high resolution with the NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) techniques.

2) Anti-HLA Antibody Determination (Panel Reactive Antibody, PRA / Donor-Specific Antibody, DSA)
Antibodies specific to HLA Class I (A, B, C) and Class II (DRB1/3/4/5, DQA1, DQB1, DPA1, DPB1) antigens are determined in a sensitive Luminex flow cytometry system by Screening and high-resolution Single Antigen Bead methods.

3) Crossmatching
Crossmatch tests are performed between patients and donor candidates by both the complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) as well as flow cytometry (FC) methods to demonstrate the absence/presence of donor-specific antibodies.

The Koç University Organ Transplantation Center, to which our laboratory is affiliated with, is the only center in Türkiye which performs tissue typing for all 11 tissue antigen subgroups (HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1/3/4/5, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPA1) in all kidney transplant recipients and donors. Highly sensitive Single Antigen HLA Antibody tests are performed in our center on all patients in the pre-transplant preparation period to prevent probable rejection reactions that may cause major damage to the organ. High-risk patients are identified before transplantation with the help of the advanced tests we perform, and transplantations as well as post-transplant follow-ups are carried out with innovative treatment concepts. By means of this systematic approach, more patients are transplanted in our center with higher success rates.
 
The healthcare services we provide are continuously supported by clinical and experimental research conducted at the Koç University Transplant Immunology Research Center of Excellence TIREX, covering the following topics:
• Integrative solutions including desensitization treatment and kidney paired donation for sensitized patients
• Laboratory-supported 'patient-specific' treatment approaches to prevent the side effects of immunosuppressive drugs and to improve transplant results
• Optimization of patient follow-up after transplantation
• Prevention and treatment of sensitization
• Rebuilding the functionality of the damaged organ
• Applications for improving resistance against cell death and immune system attack in the organ
• Increasing the chance of successful transplantation in patients with a history of failed transplantation
• Induction of insensitivity to the transplant by eliminating foreign tissue antigens genetically and triggering cells that control the immune system.

You can find detailed information about the routine services performed in our laboratory from the Koç University Hospital Tissue Typing Laboratory Test Guide, and information about TIREX at https://kutirex.ku.edu.tr/.